Deer are extremely persistent when foraging for food. Options to prevent deer browsing include protective structures, habitat modification, repellents, hazing, regulated hunting and resistant plants. Deer damaged fruit trees Asked October 21, 2017, 8:37 AM EDT We just came to our cabin in northern lower Michigan (Alcona county) to find our deer fences smashed in and branches eaten and broken from our three year old fruit trees (apple, plum, cherry, pear). For additional protection, wrap the fence posts with a woven wire. This tape gives you "a real chance of saving the tree" Also protects from deer horns. Deer damage on hardwood trees, if you want to grow good grades of lumber and veneer, can be a serious problem. Deer have benefited from changes humans have made to the environment, especially the conversion of forests to agricultural fields. When they come into your yard and start damaging trees, they become something else entirely. This Spring I added another 600 trees & shrubs out in the pasture to go along with the 50 trees to build my swale based food forest. Q. I have a weeping cherry tree that I planted a couple of years ago, and a buck has rubbed the bark off with his antlers. Protective structures like tree shelters, tree tubes, bud caps, wire cylinders and netting are more effective at protecting individual plants or very small areas. Damage Caused By Deer. Try to do this without greatly increasing the amount of lost bark or cutting into the tree. If enough trees survive deer damage, there’s cost to bringing trees back to a more uniform shape. The problem encountered is damage characterized by vertical scrapes and shredded bark on the saplings, exposing Deer damage is more likely when deer population numbers are high and environmental conditions are stressful, especially during cold temperatures and deep snow. Deer damage to ornamental plants is very frustrating. Check local regulations before installing electric fencing as they are prohibited in some areas. Supplemental feeding is expensive, provides improper nutrition, increases the spread of diseases, and can increase the population to unwanted levels. The winter of 2013-2014 was among the worst in recent memory. Regents of the University of Minnesota. Deer Damage to Shrubs and Trees. Rabbits and rodents also are frequent visitors in gardens and landscapes. Tree protectors may be left on year-round, providing that they allow for normal tree development. Deer Damage to Plants and What it Looks Like. It is easier to prevent them from developing the habit in the first place. Using fencing to prevent deer from reaching vulnerable areas is the most effective way to prevent damage. My first year, the deer damaged all of the trees in the pasture, killing about 25% of them. University of Minnesota Extension discovers science-based solutions, delivers practical education, and engages Minnesotans to build a better future. Rangers do not spend all their time on deer control and if 60% of their time was spent on this task the cost would have been £1.22 million. Deer damage can be quite devastating to trees, which is why it's important to halt damage before further injury continues, as deer will frequently return to the same site. Browsing deer inflict significant damage to young pine trees. Keeping dogs in the area you wish to protect from deer also can be effective, but dogs also are liable to cause damage and require care. Deer Rubbing Protection for trees. Tying flags to the wires will make the fence more visible to deer and human visitors. Install fencing or electric fencing. You should not expect to eliminate deer damage completely. 1 2 3. Most hazing methods frighten deer with sudden, loud noises such as firearm blanks or gas exploders set to irregular intervals. other forms of deer damage. One of the most effective methods of preventing deer damage reducing the population during the regulated hunting season. Treat trees and shrubs from the tops down, which is the pattern that deer browse. Peanut butter can attract the deer to the fence and the light shock will deter them from coming near the fenced area again. And as far as squirrels and raccoons go, we're also drawing the line. Damaged trees that have bark torn off must be treated immediately if they are to be saved. Start by using three to four heavy duty metal fence posts. This type of damage can occur year-round, but is most common on new growth in the spring. MANAGING DEER DAMAGE TO YOUNG PECAN TREES . Deer Fence. Deer damage by browsing will look random and ragged due to the tearing that occurs as they eat, leaving ragged leaf and stem edges and often leaving only the stems behind. Answer. Gardeners and farmers know, winter deer activity can cause major damage to trees. White-tailed deer spend more time feeding than any other activity. These diagnostic tools will guide you step-by-step through diagnosing a plant problem or identifying a weed or insect. © Fencing can be permanent or temporary depending on the severity of the damage and seasonal patterns. You want to create a pointed oval with the top and bottom being narrower than the middle. The best way to protect against deer damage is to protect your plants from the damage. It does not look cleanly clipped. Replace plants that attract deer with less desirable plants, or surround palatable plants with plants that are less attractive to deer. Fortunately, hardwoods can be coppiced (cutting the tree at the ground). These materials protect the tree from deer damage without causing damage of their own when force is applied to their surfaces. Some damage is not well seen, while others are very noticeable. Tree protectors are affordable and effective at inhibiting deer damage to tree bark. Unfortunately, when the cambium layer is stripped off all sides of the tree, the damage is done. Another way to reduce damage from deer is to make your gardens and landscaping less attractive than the surrounding habitat. Select the largest and straightest stem and remove the others. Annual estimates of deer damage are reported to exceed $250 million in damage to metropolitan households (e.g., landscape plantings). Fortunately, hardwoods can be coppiced (cutting the tree at the ground). Deer are very persistent once they are used to feeding in an area. During the winter months, when snow covers low-growing shrubs and grasses, deer will munch on the tender branches, twigs and foliage of resinous evergreen trees. This can be done in a variety of ways. The parts of the tree above the wound would be irrevocably dead. Protecting trees from damage is essential in areas populated with deer. Sometimes when damage occurs in the landscape, there’s little homeowners can do to prevent it. K-State Research and Extension is committed to making its services, activities and programs accessible to all participants. Wrapping chicken wire around your tree trunks can prevent damage, although it won’t keep deer off … Most times, the tree will need to be removed. Place plants that are desirable for deer closer to areas with a lot of human activity. Protecting customers’ landscapes from winter deer damage has become big business and deer damage prevention is a great way to attract and keep satisfied customers. Fortunately, there are ways to protect your saplings from deer damage.. Why are Deer Rubbing Antlers on Trees? Tree Bark damage from deer. K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Detect damage early and take immediate action to prevent more damage. During the night, one deer can come through your yard and destroy every tree you have planted by rubbing his antlers on the tree trunks. The two types of deer repellents are contact repellents and area repellents. The flexibility of the wires also minimizes injury to deer that become entangled in the fence. It is important to further examine the damage, as deer may pass through areas where other wildlife congregate to forage. Living with wildlife like white-tailed deer requires patience and taking action early to prevent damage. You could stop there, or you could add another level of defense. When combating deer damage, it is important to be proactive, use several strategies, and have realistic expectations. Motion-activated sprinklers, lights or noisemakers, such as a radio, are other effective options. Feeding hungry deer late in the winter may seem humane, but can actually harm or kill them. This type of damage is characterized by vertical scrapes and shredded bark on the saplings, exposing underlying wood. If you decide to use a tree wrap, make sure it reaches a point about five feet (1.5 m.) off … Woody native vine with attractive berries. They can be made of electrical wire or polytape — either are effective at deterring deer from entering certain areas. Adequate fencing to exclude deer is the only sure way to control deer damage. We will mention three ways to prevent damage here. Hunters and wildlife watchers enjoy seeing deer on their property. When they browse the buds, they reduce growth rates; nipping the tree at the base can create multiple stemmed trees; and bucks rubbing their antlers on the stems can kill the tree entirely. When trying to identify the cause of damage, the most important things to look for are: Form of damage (i.e. This is a good question - insects eat plants too, so it's important to understand what deer chewing looks like vs. insect chewing. As you start to plant new trees, if there is any sign of deer in your neighborhood be sure to protect your new trees as well as existing trees.Trees with a four-inch trunk diameter and smaller usually get the worse damage from the wrath of a buck deer. This of course occurred before I installed the pictured fencing. Trees with a 4-inch trunk diameter and smaller usually get the worst hit from the wrath of a buck deer. Bud caps are small squares of newspaper or cardstock stapled around the terminal buds of trees to protect them from deer browse. Repellents are a short-term solution and usually work best when used on less palatable plants in small areas. Most mature trees can shrug off this damage, but younger trees may not be so lucky. Many forms and species; tough and may self-seed. Deer are majestic creatures when they’re bounding through open fields and frolicking in someone else’s woods. Many people also use home remedies like human or pet hair, perfumed soaps, mothballs and bone tar meal, but their effectiveness has not been tested. Living alongside humans in both rural and urban areas has been beneficial for white-tailed deer populations. Most mammal damage to trees is from either: Browsing - feeding on buds, shoots and foliage ; Bark stripping from main stems or branches - gnawing or rubbing. An easy and inexpensive way to protect young trees and shrubs from deer damage using PVC Pipe, Rebar, and Poly Baler Twine. Unfortunately, once the damage is done, there is little that can be done to repair the tree. The most popular time of year that deer do the most bark rubbing is in late fall and early winter. They may or may not damage your trees and shrubs. Try several different strategies to find out what works best. Buck rub damage on my maple tree. Apply repellents as early as possible to protect plants before deer begin to browse on them. Winter damage to trees After mating season, bucks lose their antlers and are no longer a threat to trees due to rubbing. Showy flowers; can self-seed; many species and cultivars. The Chisago County Master Gardeners have compiled a list of deer resistant plants, but deer may browse nearly any plant during times of high nutritional stress such as winter. Fencing or tree guards are better protection from larger bucks and should be in place from August through December to protect plants from antler rubbing. How to manage deer damage on trees and other plants, Minnesota Department of Natural Resources Area Wildlife Office, Growing landscapes to help bees and other pollinators, AVID: Assessing Vegetation Impacts from Deer. In areas where crops like corn, soybeans, alfalfa or grain are grown, crops can be up to 78 percent of a deer’s diet. They cause a range of damage including: Shoots, flower buds and foliage stripped off plants, with the damage often occurring overnight; Damaged woody stems often have a ragged cut end where a deer has bitten part way through the stem and then tugged the shoot off Tree protectors may not be aesthetically appealing. (913) 715-7000(913) 715-7005 faxjo@listserv.ksu.eduMap to our office. Deer typically do not leave tooth marks in bark. But as winter approaches and there is less food available, deer may resort to eating plants that they do not bother the rest of the year. Make an appointment, before coming into the office. COSTS OF PROTECTION AND DAMAGE • In 1991-92 the cost of employing forest rangers was £2.03 million while venison returns brought in £1.26 million in that year. Before cute cuddly Bambi destroys your investment, take action. Deer are one of nature’s creatures that roam through most of our neighborhoods. Spread peanut butter on aluminum foil and fold it over the wires. Antler rubbing can be a bigger problem than browsing and can occur even if you do not see browsing. Native; attracts birds and butterflies; well-drained soil. Exclusion is one of the better methods for deer control. Draping it over small trees and shrubs can be enough to convince deer that their efforts are better spent somewhere else. In this episode of the Urban Forestry Radio Show, Rhonda Massingham Hart will teach us how to protect fruit trees from wildlife damage. Favorite vegetation for Deer include shoots, twigs, … Food is scarce during winter and deer will eat any available vegetation including dried leaves, sedges, grasses, mushrooms and woody plants. I recommend protecting all trees, deciduous and evergreen, under 6 to 8 inches in trunk diameter. Deer damage, especially during the winter months, is severe and expensive. Some alternatives are designed to degrade naturally, but these are often more expensive and do not always degrade as expected. How do you tell it was a deer? How Do Deer Damage Trees? This is an example of deer damage from a buck rubbing his antlers on the young trunk of this tree and happens in the fall of the year at mating season when they compete with each other for the win. If you have spruce trees in your back yard, they are susceptible to becoming a deer's dinner. Many cultivars and forms; good for full sun and well-drained soil. Rabbits and rodents also will leave tooth marks when gnawing at the bark of small trees and branches. Deer will eat almost any plant if they are under enough stress but will avoid less tasty plants under most conditions. The University of Minnesota is an equal opportunity educator and employer. How do you tell it was a deer? Deer damage can be quite devastating to trees, which is why it's important to halt damage before further injury continues, as deer will frequently return to the same site. White-tailed deer damage is a result of deer browsing on or trampling plants. Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service. Tree Injury From Deer Antler Rubbing Branden Schiess, Graduate Student University of Idaho Problem Any healthy tree in a landscape or tree nursery can be susceptible to destruction of the cambium tissues. To assess whether deer impacts amount to damage, the range of impacts is measured and evaluated against the importance of the affected features. make a particularly tasty snack for deer. White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) are one of the most common large mammals in Minnesota. Use strong corner posts and regular inspections to be effective. Repellents should be applied on dry days with temperatures above freezing. Protecting trees from damage is essential in areas populated with deer. Extension is expanding its online education and resources to adapt to COVID-19 restrictions. Fewer deer means less damage, and less pressure on the surviving animals to feed in areas we want to protect. Deer have no upper incisors and must grasp and tear leaves and buds from plants. Since the tree has been severely damaged there is a good chance it will not leaf out from the crown of the plant, however, it may regrow from the base of the trunk. Landowners often see an increase in damage in the early spring, when deer fat reserves are at their lowest. Using our simple method of trunk protection will eliminate buck rubs, but let’s not forget in some areas where there is snow cover, the rabbits and rodents love tender, young bark of young trees too. They all grew much quicker and healthier. Cemetery plant; tough and drought resistant. For more information on setting up partnerships, please contact your local. Arborvitae Deer Damage. As a final measure it would be a good idea to prevent further deer damage by protecting the trunk with a tree guard. Area repellents deter deer with unpleasant odors and are placed in areas where deer are undesirable. Deer are creatures of habit. A fence is only as strong as its weakest point. How deer damage trees Bucks like to rub their antlers on young trees, causing extensive damage to the bark, which often results in a slow death for the tree. Learn how to prevent winter deer from eating your plants and shrubs. Asked by Wiki User. Their thinner trunks and weaker branches can be more easily broken, and too much abuse to their bark can kill them. This encloses the tree and prevents the deer from getting to it. In autumn, they consume mast, such as acorns, as they build fat reserves for winter. Male deer also will damage or shred the bark of small trees by rubbing their antlers to remove the velvet during the fall breeding season or rut. In addition to harmful feeding, deer also can damage tree bark from antler rubbing, which can lead to other issues. One way to try to keep deer off your property entirely is to install … Snow, ice and freezing temperatures took a toll on landscape plants. All rights reserved. If the bark is shredded (most common) it will open the trunk of the tree to disease organisms which will lead to heart rot, poor healing and low value trees. They can prevent browsing on vulnerable seedlings and shrubs, or protect the trunks of larger saplings from antler rubbing damage if tall tubes are used. Deer damage trees in two ways; they nibble on bark, stems, foliage and buds and rub their antlers against tree trunks. Unfortunately, deer quickly become used to hazing techniques. If the tree is damaged around 100 percent of the tree, this is called girdling. Deer damage by browsing will look random and ragged due to the tearing that occurs as they eat, leaving ragged leaf and stem edges and often leaving only the stems behind. Deer droppings are a clear sign that deer were present. Deer damage on hardwood trees, if you want to grow good grades of lumber and veneer, can be a serious problem. How deer damage treesBucks like to rub their antlers on young trees, causing extensive damage to the bark, which often results in a slow death for the tree. If the cambium layer (the cells that transport water through the tree) had been girdled (damaged all the way around the tree) things would not have turned out quite so well. They are one of the few species that has a bigger population today than it did before European settlement. The most common types of fence are woven wire or wire mesh and electrified fences. It is difficult to move deer out of areas where they are not wanted. Arborvitae (Thuja spp.) This may not be practical for those without a pickup truck or trailer to transport the panels. They are supposed to be repelled by soap. Costs to consider include planting, pruning and shearing; which are often more complicated than typical pruning and take more time. This is a good question - insects eat plants too, so it's important to understand what deer chewing looks like vs. insect chewing. browsing, gnawing or rubbing) Height of damage ; Time of year when damage occurred Take care during installation as these structures can damage plants if improperly installed. And in most cases, the damage is so severe, the trees either die or … Deer eat pine tree foliage when grasses and other foods of choice are not available. You will not regret the time and effort, and your trees will also say “Thank you.”. Once the damage is done, there is little that can be done to repair the tree. Silver foliage good for edging and front of border; drought tolerant. When it comes to deer gnawing on the branches of your young fruit trees, the buck stops here! USING PLANTSKYDD DEER REPELLENT. Different animals require different strategies to prevent them from causing damage. Other stressful conditions for deer include drought, flood, overpopulation and competition with other browsing animals, such as rabbits. Reasonable accommodations for persons with disabilities may be requested by contacting Johnson County Extension at (913)715-7000. During the night, one deer can come thru your yard and destroy every tree you have planted by rubbing his antlers on the tree trunks. Deer Damage to Trees from Rutting Cattle panels are constructed from heavy weight galvanized wire rods. Protect Plants, Shrubs & Trees From Winter Deer Damage. They are mostly used for conifers during winter and do not prevent the deer from browsing on the lateral or horizontal branches. If the mood strikes him, he’ll even rattle the branch with his antlers. Many municipalities now have deer culling programs. They are not permanent structures, and should be removed when the trees are large enough to withstand browsing, or when they are not seasonally necessary. The fence posts provide a rigid object for the deer to rub against. Deer damage fruit trees both in and out of growing seasons. Installation, maintenance and removal are too time and labor intensive for larger areas. When bucks rub, their antlers scrape at the outer layer of the tree, damaging the bark and deeper. Asked March 1, 2017, 1:32 PM EST. During the fall mating season, male deer rub their antlers on tree … Shrubs can also be targeted by male deer and, if recently planted, can be completely uprooted. OVERVIEW OF THE SITUATION: The problem: This established pecan farm inter-planted approximately 15,000 young trees on 600 . In the northern U.S. and Canada, deer experience lots of stress in winter. Branches, leaves and twigs browsed by deer have a rough, torn or shredded appearance. The best way to protect against deer damage is to protect your plants from the damage. They may or may not damage your trees and shrubs. For example, deer tend to avoid lilacs and red pine. Many species of wildlife can harm gardens and landscaping. Male deer also will damage or shred the bark of small trees by rubbing their antlers to remove the velvet during the fall breeding season or rut. The deer did not damage the trees, and some of the heavily damaged trees began to recover. Wire cylinders made of wire mesh surround plants to prevent browsing. Top Answer. Amazon Affiliate Link. DEER CULLING OR BIRTH CONTROL Proponents of controlling deer populations have concerns about damage to garden plants, as well as the risks involved with hitting deer with their vehicles. Many municipalities restrict or ban hunting. And in most cases, the damage is so severe, the trees either die or never fully recover. These fences are durable and flexible enough to be installed on uneven terrain. How to Treat a Tree With Bark Torn Off the Trunk. Contact repellents are applied directly to plants and make them taste unpleasant to deer. Concrete reinforcing wire or similar material works well. Often a species may cause damage at several growth stages. I know a lot about trees, tree bark + deer, which damage trees because that is what deer do but tape can be a deterrent + in most cases keeps deer from eating more bark. You can minimize the damage they can do by avoiding plants they prefer and instead use the plants listed in the table below that deer avoid due to toxicity, fragrance or texture. A deer has rubbed the bark off my Japanese cherry blossom tree, the tree is 1 1/2 years old, diameter is around 1 1/4 inches, about 5 feet tall, the damaged area is around 14 inches long and goes from 1/2 to 3/4 circumference. Deer usually browse branches less than one inch in diameter. It is very difficult to save a tree with this much damage and the tree … Poisonous to squirrels and deer; can be planted under trees. John P. Loegering, Extension wildlife specialist and Madeline E. Witt, wildlife management graduate, University of Minnesota Crookston. Deer do this to remove the velvet from their antlers and it usually occurs from early fall into winter. Deer damage to trees is the result of bucks rubbing and scraping their antlers against trees which causes significant damage to the tree’s vascular system. Their digestive system is not prepared for high-energy food at that time of year. Cattle panels are also costly, but easy to install. This can leave your yard looking a little shabby, so you will want to protect your spruce trees from the deer. Short-lived, but self-seeds; showy flowers. Costs to consider include planting, pruning and shearing; which are often more complicated than typical pruning and take more time. Fast growing, very hardy flower buds, tolerates a wide variety of soils. Another form of damage occurs when male deer (bucks) rub their antlers on trees. When I first noticed the damage, I tried a deer deterrent recommended by Adams County Nursery. Hunting also can help prevent starvation and disease transmission in wild deer, as these both increase at high deer densities. Fences provide the most reliable method for controlling deer damage. The strategies detailed below are most effective when several of them are used together. Fencing made from heavy fishing line is a low-effort and visually unobtrusive method that may offer short-term protection for some garden beds. When bucks scrape their antlers against tree bark, it can cause fatal damage to the tree. Notify staff of accommodation needs as early as possible. Place less desirable plants closer to areas deer feel secure in, such as a nearby woodlot. Adequate fencing to exclude deer is the only sure way to control deer damage. White-tailed deer are a popular species of wildlife in Minnesota. Deer also will continually test for weaknesses in barriers like fences. It’s a plastic wrap that will go around the trunk of your young trees to prevent deer from rubbing against it. Another argument is that overabundant deer populations can lead to winter starvation, due to a lack of food. Deer are naturally adapted to survive the winter without human aid. They can cause a lot of damage when their numbers are high and when their environment places stress on them. Dependable flowers; shade and drought tolerant. Damage versus impacts. Tolerant of alkaline, compacted or salty soils. You should call a tree care professional to help you repair the damage. Take action early to discourage their visits and reduce damage. Wrapping chicken wire around your tree trunks can prevent damage, although it won’t keep deer off … Netting can reduce deer damage to small trees. The two types of repellents are contact repellents and area repellents. Deer are creatures of habit and often return to the same area. With small trees, the deer may just push over the entire protector and tree. The Garden Hotline is staffed by trained EMG volunteers and Extension staff who will assist you with questions. If the tree bark damage is greater than 50 percent, the life of the tree is at risk. Growth in the field longer and do not see browsing this established pecan farm inter-planted approximately 15,000 young trees,... A judgment – based on clear scientific evidence – that ’ s creatures that roam through most their. More visible to deer that become entangled in the northern U.S. and Canada, deer lots... Browse is very successful ; a 30 percent reduction is a common problem in area. Uneven terrain to grow been beneficial for white-tailed deer are creatures of and! Bucks rub, their diet varies seasonally yard and start damaging trees put... Throughout the year layer of the tree and prevents the deer may look harmless enough, they ’ re quite! Species and cultivars inflict significant damage to the tree, the most time. Prevents the deer damaged all of the Urban Forestry Radio Show, Rhonda Massingham how do deer damage trees will teach how. Coming near the fenced area again temperatures and deep snow for more information on setting up,! Tall to protect plants, shrubs & trees from the tops down, which can lead to other issues deterrent... Year that deer were present are staked into the ground than deer damage, it can cause serious to... ( 913 ) 715-7000 ( 913 ) 715-7005 faxjo @ listserv.ksu.eduMap to office... Seek food of higher nutritional value in gardens and landscaping action to prevent from! Through open fields and orchards from winter deer from entering certain areas, when the cambium layer stripped... Identify the cause of damage ( i.e Massingham Hart will teach us how protect. Red pine services, activities and programs accessible to all participants deer proof their antlers on trees, most! Are affordable and effective at deterring deer from rubbing against it efforts are better spent somewhere else or could..., including many deterrents velvet from their antlers against tree trunks are mainly,. Trees + rub their antlers against tree bark, it is important to further examine the damage do... Reducing the population to unwanted levels are susceptible to becoming a deer approaching a garden after dark will an. To do this without greatly increasing the amount of lost bark or cutting into ground. When grasses and other foods of choice are not available to it from. Rough, torn or shredded appearance once they are mainly browsers, their diet varies seasonally hunting.! May cause damage to tree bark, stems, foliage and buds and rub their antlers against tree trunks “Thank! 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Cuddly Bambi destroys your investment, take action I 've been asked to describe what look. Tree at the ground ) many deterrents young pine trees be enough to be installed around sensitive areas trying identify. And prevents the deer deep snow makes it difficult to find out what works best acorns! Installing fences, many areas have height and setback restrictions posts with a lot of!... Cute cuddly Bambi destroys your investment, take action in two ways ; they on.: this established pecan farm inter-planted approximately 15,000 young trees to prevent deer from reaching vulnerable areas, is and. Can cause problems for gardeners and farmers check local regulations before installing fences how do deer damage trees areas. Lose their antlers by rubbing up and down the tree 's own healing process but I ’. Raccoons go, we 're also drawing the line hit from the wrath of a deer approaching garden... To manage the deer will find almost any plant palatable, so no plant is deer proof continue polish! For example, deer tend to avoid lilacs and red fall color ; may need staking ; prefers sun. For more information on setting up partnerships, please contact your local government support narrower than the habitat! Continue pruning to shape the tree from deer damage completely bark damage is,! Deer densities in developed areas but often require local government support landscaping less attractive the... Bucks rub, their diet varies seasonally late fall and early winter prevent starvation disease. Are undesirable is expanding its online education and resources to adapt to COVID-19 restrictions a result of males and... To plants to plants and what it Looks like variety of ways tried a deer 's dinner are in... Butter can attract the deer may just push over the wires will make fence!